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Jean Arp & Sophie Taeuber

ISSN 1127-4883 BTA - Telematic Bulletin of Art, June 26, 2006, No 434
http://www.bta.it/txt/a0/04/ bta00434.html

Art is a fruit that grows in man, as
a fruit on a plant,
or a child in its mother's womb.
Jean Arp

A man and woman, husband and wife, and he sculptor, painter and poet, a painter and architect, dancer, teacher, his first major exponent of Dada and Surrealist movements then, her muse and star of the silent avant-garde of the first twentieth century, independent and ahead of his time, was unknown. He related more to the sculpture, poetry and literature as she to design and interior design in the context of the Bauhaus. There are three that bind them A: The A's love, A friend with the game and in art.

Jean Hans Arp mit Nabelmonokel , 1926, Stiftung Hans Arp und Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Rolandseck (D).

HIM, Jean (Hans) Arp was born in Strasbourg, in Alsace Lorraine, 16 September 1886. He is interested in art, poetry and literature, and in 1904, when he left the Ecole des Arts et Métiers in Strasbourg for Paris, published his first poems. From 1905 to 1907 he attended the Kunstschule Weimar and in 1908 the Academie Julian in Paris. In 1909 he moved to Switzerland where, two years later, he founded the avant-garde Moderner Bund. In Paris he met Robert and Sonia Delaunay and other artists, while in Germany he attended Kandinsky and exhibited drawings shows the second semi-figurative Blaue Reiter in 1912; participates in the 'Erster Deutscher Herbsalon , the Salon d'Automne, and in 1913 at the gallery Der Sturm Berlin. In 1914 he exhibited his first extracted and scraps of paper and in Paris he attended Max Jacob, Pablo Picasso and Guillaume Apollinaire. In 1915 in Zurich meets his future wife Sophie Tauber and she works to collages and tapestries. Together with Tristan Tzara, Marcel Janco, Richard Huelsenbeck, Hans Richter, Arp founded the Dadaist art movement, whose official debut is set February 5, 1916 when he opened the famous Cabaret Voltaire, founded by theater director Hugo Ball. Dadaism is based on a general attitude of distrust and disgust with civilization impoverished by the war; proposes the total negation of society, and consequently also the art as a product of organized society. Dada is a challenge, it is a scandal, controversy is not just a way of making art, but a way of life and politics. The sculptures, collages , the photographic techniques of the movement that put the emphasis on language becomes the medium for creativity. "Dada was the revolt of the non-believers against unbelievers," so Arp summarizing the movement. In 1920, speaking at the Dada show in Berlin in 1922 and participates in the Kongress der Konstruktivisten Weimar. During those years in Paris begins to work on abstract compositions inspired by the morphology of organic and robotics experiments. Collaborates with the magazines "Merz", "Mecano" and "De Stijl" and begins to be interested in the surrealist movement adhering to the magazine "La Révolution surreal." In 1925 participates in first Surrealist exhibition at the Galerie Pierre in Paris and settled in France. In 1931 he became a founding member dell'Abstraction-Creation and collaborates with the magazine "Transition". In the forties moves between France and Switzerland and in 1949 he went to New York. In 1950, the murals are commissioned surveys of metal and wood for the Harvard Graduate Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts and in 1954 won the international prize for sculpture at the Venice Biennale. He died in Basle on 7 June 1966.

Sophie Taeuber-Kopf mit Dada , Zurich, 1918, Photo Nic Aluf. Stiftung Hans Arp und Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Rolandseck (D).

LEI, Sophie Taeuber, was born in Davos in Switzerland since childhood and has an inclination for the arts and crafts, so that you start to study design and applied art, first by attending a local private school, then an institution German Monaco and then to Hamburg where he completed his studies. In 1914 he moved to Zurich with his sister since 1929 and teaches weaving and embroidery handmade crafts at a school in Zurich. She too lives the turmoil related to avant-garde Dadaist Cabaret Voltaire inspired by Hugo Ball and participates soirées the legendary local intellectuals where she performed as a dancer in performance dancing along with Emmy Hennings, Susanne Perrottet, Berthe Trumpy and Mary Wigman , featured in the provocative atmosphere of conformist happening artistic and spectacular movement. There he met Jean Arp and began their fruitful partnership, the first artistic and sentimental, then. Are their famous compositions papiers decoupès "four hands", works in which the artistic result is related to the assembly random elements, already theorized by Tristan Tzara in Manifesto love weak and bitter love , where the aesthetic and artistic value is dictated by the accidental synthesis of the case. Already before 1935 the couple live in the French town of Meudon, near Paris, where she designed their home-studio . In his life, albeit brief, Sophie follows numerous awards, especially in the decorative arts with its renowned in the design of furniture and tapestries. Important is his artistic research in two-dimensional geometric-abstract solutions related to the rectangle and the square will then enriched with the inclusion of dynamic movements curved and circular. The colors of the geometric shapes makes it an architectural composition that unites his art to the Dutchman Theo Van Doesenburg, founder of De Stijl .

Arp's wife recalls in Jours effeiullés , (Gallimard, Paris, 1966) that: "In December 1915 I met Sophie Taeuber in Zurich, who had already released the conventional art! In 1915 Sophie Taeuber divides the surface of his watercolors in squares and rectangles that has horizontal and perpendicular. Builds them as a work in stone. The colors are bright, raw yellow to red, or dark blue. In some compositions introduces plans massive number of figures reminiscent of those who later will realize in inlaid woodwork ... " 1. He died tragically in an accident in 1943 just as the couple wanted to move to the U.S. to escape the dangers of the Nazi war. The loss of a friend, wife, lover and colleague for Arp was a lack hard to accept that much of her, he will continue to think that '... Since you're gone, I thank every day that passes. Every day that I spent close to you. "

Jean Hans Arp and Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Drawing four hands, 1939, ink on paper, 27.5 x 20.9 (Foundation Hans Arp and Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Rolandseck . Photo credit: Wolfgang Morell).

him, before being an artist is a poet, and this has influenced his art. Poetry in Arp scored his art so much that it becomes the key to understanding his artistic research.
himself confides to his friend Marcel Jean Arp, Jours in effeiullés (Gallimard, Paris, 1966), that: "If I were forced to absurd to choose between plastic work and written poetry, sculpture or whether to abandon poetry , I would choose to write poetry. " Poetry is the filter through which to understand his artistic production. ARP Located just their own way: it is insatiable, systematically destroys all the works created before 1915. It is with the birth of the Dada movement, which is one of the founders Arp, Arp, which is its size. In the famous local Cabaret Voltaire by Hugo Ball loves evenings devoted to poetry recitation where his compositions, he painted the walls blue and the ceiling black, and his works hang alongside those of his friends is proposed to give free space to the art which rejects any link to a descriptive and figurative creative spontaneity. Arp's artistic production as a subject seems to choose the elementary forms of cells, larvae, galaxies and the female body and the curved lines, concave and convex shapes with a strong sensuality. His art has marked today's art, from abstract minimalism and neodada. Duchamp tell him that: "For Arp Arp is art" and this explains why it is so difficult to label his art, as also all those of the twentieth century, as it is full of ideas and reflections that highlight and unite in a different way, arts and movement.

Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Balance, 1932, oil and pencil on canvas, 41.5 x34 cm (Private Collection, Courtesy Foundation Hans Arp and Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Rolandseck.Crediti Photo: Wolfgang Morell ).

LEI, explorer of pictorial research that sees reduction of the primary forms of expression and color plates to its maximum expression, it is proposed, like many artists of the first half of the twentieth century, the objective of achieving "the integration of the arts", already summed up with the concept of "concrete art", or design expressions that combine art and life with a view to making aesthetically enjoyable environment daily. He experienced the interior design and furnishings in addition to being a professor of textile design and embroidery. Between 1926-28 intervenes, in combination with Jean Arp and Theo van Doesburg, processing dell'Aubette to Stasburgo and designs and interprets its own home-studio in Clamart, near Paris. And intervention in three all'Aubette hands that best expresses the concept of "integration of the arts" transforming the interiors of the four floors of the eighteenth century a veritable monument of modern architecture in which the art multipurpose talks to the newspaper and entertainment. Famous are his polychrome compositions in which they appear as linear forms on the square or circle.

Jean Hans Arp, if constellant Trois formes blanches sur fond gris , 1930, Huile sur bois, 59 x 60 cm (Photographie JP Pichon, © Fondation Arp, Clamart).

Sophie Taeuber-Arp, Projet pour l'Aubette , 1926/27, Détrempe et crayon sur carton, 26.6 x 36.2 cm (Photographie G. Abegg, © Fondation Arp, Clamart).

them, from when they met together in a unique combination of life and art come together with the daily work, life and love life play to reach an equilibrium in which the two worlds, to his and hers, can not make up individually, but only in their combined report, a symbiotic relationship in which the two elements must interact together to create. Together develop a common artistic research is the consideration that creating a formal geometric vocabulary of forms as horizontal and vertical lines, rectangles, squares and circles. Together achieve the primary Construction, characterized by the presence of these geometric forms, from flat and monochromatic, who aspire to research and exemplifying the spirit of things primordial and concepts. Together also realize collage two, Duo- collage with shapes cut out of various materials glued or nailed creating bumps and papiers déchirés , which cut out the shapes that have played on the principles of chance and automatism . Arp was an artist with a complex personality that in his relationship with Sophie is the just relationships of balance, " She is the circle that contains, never slow down, all the differences: the romantic impulses and joyful irony, creativity and imaginative experimentation method, leaving the case and the determination to do the unpredictable one component but not disruptive dynamic, a force that is driven by other laws, similar to those of nature and today more than ever studied as necessary and vital " 2. On the death of his wife followed by a period of stagnation, artistic block, after which will resume with renewed vigor to create the basic geometric elements and the elements of the metamorphosis of forms taken from nature. Will begin, perhaps in homage to partner, to transform the oval shape of the egg, the essential point of the search for both, in the circle. One of the main elements of the study of Arp is to take as a model to realize the nature of the metamorphosis of form elements: a detail, or an early form of the natural world, are the starting point for creating sculptures that are the ' expression and tribute to the world and life.

   
    
  Jean Hans Arp, Arbre, 1924, collage, 34 x 27.5 cm (Stiftung Hans Arp und Sophie Taeuber-Arp eV, Rolandseck. 
 Photo Credits: Wolfgang Morell).  
 
 
     
   

NOTE

1 traduzione dal francese Mia. "In December 1915 I met Sophie Taeuber Zurich s'éatit that freed from the conventional art. As early as 1915 Sophie Taeuber divides its surface into squares and rectangles watercolor she juxtaposed horizontally and perpendicular. She originally designed as a masonry. The colors are bright, ranging from yellow to red as raw or deep blue. In some of his compositions it introduced various plans and massive squat figures reminiscent of those that shape it later turned wood ... '. In http://www.fondationarp.org/vtaeuber.htm

2 Lorenza Trucchi, Jean Arp and Sophie Taeuber . A life filled with light in Malagodi Elena Cardenas - Stefano Cecchetto, Jean Arp & Sophie Taeuber. Dada and beyond , (ed.), Marsilio, Venice, 2006, pp. 3-4.

THE EXHIBITION The exhibition "Hans Jean Arp & Sophie Taeuber, Dada and Beyond" at the Museo Correr in Venice, curated by Elena Cardenas Malagodi and Stefano Cecchetto , is promoted by the Civic Museums Venetians, in collaboration with the Embassy of Italy in Switzerland, Pro Helvetia, the Foundation Taeuber-Arp in Clamart-Paris, the Foundation Arp-Hagenbach of Locarno and the Foundation Arp und Sophie Taeuber-Arp Bahnhof Rolandseck.
The exhibition, on the second floor of the Museo Correr, presents 140 works including sculptures, drawings, collages , furniture, architectural projects and furniture, tapestries, watercolors, gouache and puppets made by the couple Jean Arp (1886-1966) , abstract and surrealist sculptor and Sophie Taeuber-Arp (1889-1943), abstract painter and sculptor, linking their weaving and artistic expression. The exhibition documents and highlights the similarities of artistic and expressive couple in an exhibition which starts from the first period of their union, in Switzerland between 1916 and the mid-twenties, of ferment in the Dada movement, continues with his years in Paris where they carry their home-studio in Clamart , before returning to Zurich, where Sophie died of a tragic accident in 1943. An artistic duo, private and public, of husband and wife and artists, which highlight their similarities and differences in their human relationships that encroach upon the privacy to the artists in a partnership that, ideally, but then tragically broken spiritually and continue the work of Arp.

information on the show: "ARP - Jean & Sophie Taeuber, Dada and beyond
Curated by Elena Cardenas Malagodi and Stefano Cecchetto
Scientific Committee: Elena Cardenas Malagodi and Stefano Cecchetto, Rainer Huben, Walburga Krupp, Dieter G. Lange, Lorenza Trucchi, Claude Wil. Committee chaired by Giandomenico Romanelli.
Catalog: Marsilio.
at the exhibition: the second floor of the Museo Correr, Piazza San Marco, Venice.
hours: 8 April to 16 July 2006 (daily from 10 to 19).
Call center: 041 52 09 070

Press Office Photo courtesy of Most ra